They can also be used as a bypass valve, allowing media around components such as needle valves that restrict flow in both directions.
Check valves rely on a pressure differential to work. They require a higher pressure on the input side of the valve than the output side to open the valve.
When the pressure is higher on the outlet side, or the input side pressure is not high enough, the valve will close. Depending on the valve type, the closure mechanism is different.
Unlike other valves, they do not need a handle, lever, actuator, or human to work correctly.
They are commonly installed in applications that backflow would cause an issue. However, since they are non-return valves, they are a cheap, effective, and easy solution to solve a potential problem.